January 17th, 1920, Alcohol Prohibition started in the USA.
The roots of the temperance movement can be traced back to the 19th century, fuelled by concerns over the negative social and economic consequences of alcohol consumption. Religious groups and reformers argued that alcohol was responsible for a myriad of societal problems, including domestic violence, crime, and workplace inefficiency. The movement gained momentum in the decades leading up to the 20th century, culminating in the passage of the 18th Amendment in 1919.
Rather than eradicating the consumption of alcohol, Prohibition gave rise to a flourishing black market. Organised crime syndicates, led by infamous figures like Al Capone, seized the opportunity to supply the demand for illegal alcohol. Speakeasies, hidden establishments where patrons could secretly enjoy alcoholic beverages, became popular across the nation, creating a vibrant underground culture.
As the negative consequences of Prohibition became increasingly evident, public sentiment turned against the ban on alcohol. The economic impact of lost tax revenue and the rise of organised crime prompted a re-evaluation of the policy. Additionally, the Great Depression further highlighted the need for economic stimulus, leading to the belief that legalising and taxing alcohol could provide much-needed revenue.
The tipping point came with the election of Franklin D. Roosevelt in 1932. Faced with economic challenges and a public weary of Prohibition, Roosevelt signed the 21st Amendment on December 5, 1933, repealing the 18th Amendment and bringing an end to the era of Prohibition. The repeal marked a rare instance of amending the Constitution to reverse a previous amendment.
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