Because it works and it is not complicated to do. All you need is a strong enough rope and a strong enough support to hang it from - no more technology than that. No drugs or gas the supplier can cut off the supply of, no high-voltage electric generator, no guns, just a simple rope.
It also happens to be a very quick method if done by the measured long drop. This was invented in the UK. If the rope is too short, the prisoner strangles slowly, and if it is too long, there is the risk of ripping his head off. So the key point with this is to calculate the right length of drop according to the prisoner’s weight. Get this right (and British executioners were good at doing the sums) and the prisoner dies almost instantly of the hangman’s fracture - fracture of the second and third cervical vertebrae, which will also cut the spinal cord. The normal range of drops is between five and eight feet - a heavier prisoner needs a shorter drop as his own weight does more of the work in creating the breaking force.
In British practice, the two executioners (who were trained for the purpose) would arrive at the prison the previous day to get the prisoner’s weight, determine the correct length of rope, soak the rope in water, set up the gallows for the correct length of drop and leave the rope hanging overnight with a sandbag hanging on the end to take the stretch out of it. Next morning, the sandbag was removed and the rope readjusted, coiled up and tied with a thread so the noose is hanging at head height. At the appointed time, the executioners entered the condemned cell next to the gallows chamber, the bookcase hiding the connecting door was pushed aside, the prisoner’s arms were strapped to his sides and he was marched through to stand in the gallows chamber directly below the suspension point of the rope. At this point he is standing on a trapdoor. The second executioner strapped his ankles together while the no. 1 executioner hooded and noosed him. Quick look round to ensure nobody is standing on the trap except the prisoner, the no. 1 pulls the lever, the trap opens, the prisoner falls into the room below, and the jerk as the rope reaches full length breaks his neck. The body was then left hanging for an hour to ensure death, though done right he was probably dead almost instantly.
From the prisoner’s point of view, the whole process took less than ten seconds. Possibly the best portrayal of this on film is in 10 Rillington Place. The renowned executioner Albert Pierrepoint advised on the film and made sure it was shown correctly.
Thus the UK’s abolition of the death penalty debates were never about the method. It was a good method. The question was whether it is ever right to execute people, and eventually we decided it isn’t.
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